{"id":3,"date":"2009-06-04T08:07:07","date_gmt":"2009-06-04T06:07:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.giora-aloni.co.il\/?p=3"},"modified":"2009-06-08T15:16:02","modified_gmt":"2009-06-08T13:16:02","slug":"%d7%9e%d7%97%d7%a9%d7%91%d7%95%d7%aa-%d7%a2%d7%9c-%d7%9e%d7%94%d7%a4%d7%99%d7%9b%d7%94-%d7%91%d7%92%d7%99%d7%a9%d7%95%d7%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.giora-aloni.co.il\/?p=3","title":{"rendered":"\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05d4\u05e4\u05d9\u05db\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05d4\u05e4\u05d9\u05db\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9\u00a0\u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05e2\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e4\u05df \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e6\u05e8\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e0\u05ea \u05e9\u05d2\u05dd \u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e0\u05db\u05d1\u05d3 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d5 \u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d2\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05df \u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea, \u05db\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05d8\u05d9\u05de\u05d9, \u05e9\u05d9\u05e9 \u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05e0\u05e8\u05d7\u05d1, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e7\u05dc \u05e2\u05ea\u05d4, \u05d1\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e7\u05dc \u05de\u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05e1 \u05d4\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e0\u05ea\u05e4\u05e1 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d8\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05db\u05ea\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5.
\n<\/em><\/p>\n

27.5.09<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05d4\u05e4\u05d9\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d0. \u05d4\u05e7\u05d3\u05de\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05e6\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e6\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05da \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4<\/span>\u05d0\u05d2<\/span>\u05d1 \u05d1\u05e4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d7 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8 "\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4" \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e0\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8<\/span> <\/span>\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc\u05d7\u05d4<\/span> <\/span>http:\/\/www.sulcha.co.il<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05dc\u05e4\u05ea, \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd 5.5.09 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5"\u05d3 \u05d3\u05d1 \u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05e1\u05d2\u05dc\u05e1 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d5"\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05e6\u05e4\u05ea, \u05e9\u05d4\u05ea\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05d1\u05ea"\u05d0, \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05dc \u05de\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df, \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d8\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1\u05ea \u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e6\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e2\u05dc\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d4, \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5, \u05d0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d4\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d4\u05e2\u05e7\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d1\u05d4\u05e7\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e8\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea\u05dd, \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d6 \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e4\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05e0\u05de\u05d9, \u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d8\u05d9, \u05de\u05de\u05d5\u05e7\u05d3 \u05d5\u05d9\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc \u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8. \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d6 \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e7\u05e8\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4, \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05e2\u05e8\u05db\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d7\u05d3\u05dc\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d5 <\/span>\u05de\u05e2\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05dc\u05d5\u05d5\u05d0\u05d9, \u05e1\u05e4\u05e7 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9, \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05dc\u05ea\u05d1\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05d8\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05de\u05ea\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd, \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e6\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05db\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dd \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e1\u05d1\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\/\u05d0\u05d5 \u05e2\u05ea\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05de\u05de\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05e0\u05d5\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1 \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5. \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05e2\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d7\u05d4, \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05ea \u05d6\u05d0\u05ea, \u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05ea\u05e4\u05e1 \u05dc\u05d5 \u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3 \u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d7\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05dd \u05e2\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d6\u05d4, \u05d5\u05d3\u05d5\u05d5\u05e7\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d5, \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05e0\u05e8\u05d7\u05d1 \u05dc\u05e4\u05ea\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e1\u05d1\u05d5\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05d3\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d7\u05d4, \u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05de\u05de\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05e1\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d5\u05d3\u05dc. <\/span>\u05d1\u05d0\u05de\u05e6\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05da, \u05e2\u05d5\u05e1\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dd <\/span>\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05d5\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d2\u05dd \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e2\u05ea\u05d9\u05d3, \u05e9\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d0\u05e3 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e4\u05e1\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e9\u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05ea\u05df. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e0\u05e2\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d7 \u05e7\u05d1\u05e2 <\/span>\u05d5\u05db\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05d2\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4, \u05d5\u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05d5\u05e9\u05d2\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05e2\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e4\u05df \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e6\u05e8\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e0\u05ea \u05e9\u05d2\u05dd \u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e0\u05db\u05d1\u05d3 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d5 \u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05d2\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05df \u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea, \u05db\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05d8\u05d9\u05de\u05d9, \u05e9\u05d9\u05e9 \u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05e0\u05e8\u05d7\u05d1, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e7\u05dc \u05e2\u05ea\u05d4, \u05d1\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e7\u05dc \u05de\u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05e1 \u05d4\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e0\u05ea\u05e4\u05e1 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d8\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05db\u05ea\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d4\u05e2\u05dc\u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05db\u05ea\u05d1 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d1\u05db\u05da, \u05e9\u05d4\u05dd, \u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 "\u05db\u05e4\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4" \u05d1\u05ea\u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05db\u05e0\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5. \u05d1\u05de\u05d1\u05d8 \u05d0\u05e4\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d9\u05e2\u05d1\u05d3, \u05d4\u05ea\u05e4\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8, \u05db\u05db\u05dc \u05e9\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e2\u05de\u05d5\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4, <\/span>\u05e9\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05de\u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea. (\u05de\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05de\u05e9\u05ea\u05e3? \u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05dc <\/span>Win-win<\/span>? "\u05db\u05dc \u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d7\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd?" \u05de\u05e2\u05d8 \u05e0\u05d0\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9, \u05dc\u05d0?)<\/span> \u05d5\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05de\u05db\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e9\u05db\u05d3\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05ea\u05de\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d1\u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9, \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3 \u05e9\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05db\u05da. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05d1\u05db\u05df \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05ea\u05e0\u05e6\u05dc \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d5\u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9 \u05d1\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d5\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9 <\/span>\u05d5\u05d7\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9 \u05dc\u05de\u05e7\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05d4\u05e8\u05e9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e8\u05d2\u05e2 \u05e7\u05d8 \u05dc\u05e4\u05e9\u05d5\u05d8 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e6\u05d8\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e6\u05d3\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05dc\u05e7\u05e8\u05d5\u05d0 \u05dc\u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05d0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05d5\u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e1\u05e4\u05e7 \u05d1\u05dc\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05e8\u05d7 \u05d1\u05e9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05e2\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05df \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d9\u05ea\u05db\u05d1\u05d3 \u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05dc \u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05de\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05d9\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d1. \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u2013 <\/span><\/span><\/strong>Compulsory Mediation<\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u2013 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d4\u05d2\u05d3\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7\u05ea \u05db\u05da:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

" \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d5\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05d9<\/span> \u05d1\u05d5 \u05e6\u05d3 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9<\/span>, \u05e0\u05d9\u05d8\u05e8\u05dc\u05d9, \u05de\u05e1\u05d9\u05d9\u05e2 \u05dc\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd<\/span> \u05dc\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d5\u05de\u05e9\u05ea\u05e3 <\/span>\u05dc\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05ea \u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05e7 \u05d5\u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05db\u05dd \u05dc\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05de\u05d1\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5 \u05d4\u05db\u05d7<\/span> \u05dc\u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05db\u05dc\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5".<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d2\u05d3\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e0\u05db\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05d1\u05d8\u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05db\u05df \u05d5\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7, \u05d1\u05e1\u05e2' 79 \u05d2' \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05dc\u05d1], \u05d4\u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d3 \u2013 1984<\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

79\u05d2.<\/span> <\/span>(\u05d0) <\/span>\u05d1\u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e3 \u05d6\u05d4 <\/span>\u2013<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

"\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8" – \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05db\u05d3\u05d9 <\/span>\u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da, \u05de\u05d1\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05e2 \u05d1\u05d5;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u05d1)<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9, \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df<\/span>, \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8".<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d7\u05d5\u05e9\u05e9\u05ea\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05db\u05dc\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5, \u05db\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d5\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05de\u05d5 \u05ea\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e8\u05e6\u05d5\u05e0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d8\u05d5\u05d1 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8, \u05d1\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d2\u05dd \u05d7\u05e1\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05e2\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da, \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05e4\u05e1 \u05db\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05d5. \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05e9 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d3\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05e8\u05de\u05d4. \u05d4\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05db\u05d1\u05d3\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05e7\u05dc, \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05e0\u05d9\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d4 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d0\u05dd \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05db\u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d7\u05e4\u05d5\u05e5 \u05d1\u05db\u05da. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d2\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8<\/span>\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2 \u05d7<\/span>\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d4\u05e0"\u05dc \u05d1\u05e1\u05e2' 79 \u05d1' \u05d4\u05d9\u05de\u05e0\u05d5:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

79\u05d1. <\/span>(\u05d0) \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d4\u05d3\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9, \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 <\/span>\u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df<\/span>, \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8 <\/span>\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5, \u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05de\u05e7\u05e6\u05ea\u05d5, \u05dc\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d5\u05db\u05df \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0, \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05ea\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05d3\u05d9\u05e8 <\/span>\u05d0\u05ea \u05ea\u05e0\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea".<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d0, \u05e9\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05db\u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d1\u05d0\u05de\u05e6\u05e2\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e7\u05dc \u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e0\u05db\u05d1\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e7\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05e1 \u05d4\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e0\u05ea\u05e4\u05e1 \u05de\u05de\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5, \u05d9\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05db\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd, \u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2 \u05e9\u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05e2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05db\u05df \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d2\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8?<\/span> \u05d4\u05db\u05dc, \u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05df, \u05d1\u05d4\u05ea\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc \u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e8\u05e9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05d0\u05de\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05e9\u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d4\u05e2\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05e2 \u05d1\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 "\u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da", \u05db\u05dc\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7. \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05d3\u05da \u05d2\u05d9\u05e1\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e9\u05e0\u05dd \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e9\u05db\u05de\u05e2\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e9\u05d5\u05dd \u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dd \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05dd \u05e0\u05d7\u05dc\u05ea\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d9\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e9\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05d3\u05d9\u05e3 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8? \u05d4\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d0\u05d1\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05dc\u05d4\u05e0\u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d4\u05e7\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05d8\u05d1\u05e2\u05dd \u05de\u05ea\u05de\u05e9\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05e7\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d9\u05de\u05e9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05e2\u05d4 (\u05d1\u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05ea) \u05d1\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u2013 \u05db\u05de\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d6\u05d5\u05d2 \u05dc\u05e9\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9 \u05e9\u05db\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05d5 (\u05d0\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05db\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1 \u05e0\u05db\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05d0\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05d1\u05d9\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd), \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9 \u05e1\u05e4\u05e7 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e1\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05ea\u05de\u05e9\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05db\u05d3'. \u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05ea, \u05e9\u05d9\u05e9 \u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d2\u05de\u05d9\u05e9, \u05de\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8, \u05e9\u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05dd \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d0 \u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8\u05ea\u05dd \u05d4\u05df \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05d2\u05e2 \u05dc\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5 \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05d4\u05df \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05d2\u05e2 \u05dc\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d4\u05dd <\/span>\u05dc\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d5\u05e9\u05de\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc <\/span>\u05d4\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05e9\u05d2. \u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2 \u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05d5\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e7\u05d1\u05d9\u05e2\u05ea \u05ea\u05e7\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05d7\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05d1\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05d5\u05d1\u05de\u05de\u05d5\u05df, \u05d0\u05d5 \u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05e9\u05e2\u05dc \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e0\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dd \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d0\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05d0\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4, \u05d9\u05e4\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05db\u05da.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05d4\u05e7\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05e4\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0 \u05dc\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d1\u05ea\u05ea \u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4 "\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e4\u05e9\u05d9\u05d8\u05ea \u05e8\u05d2\u05dc-\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8\u05ea \u05de\u05e4\u05ea\u05d9\u05e2\u05d4", \u05e9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05dc\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05de\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05db\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8, \u05d4\u05d5\u05e4\u05ea\u05e2\u05ea\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d2\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05d4"\u05d1 (\u05d1\u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea) \u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05db\u05d9\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d9\u05e4\u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e4\u05d5\u05e9\u05d8 \u05e8\u05d2\u05dc, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05e7\u05e3 \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05dc \u05e4\u05e9\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d2\u05dc.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e8\u05e9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e6\u05d8\u05d8 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d0\u05e4\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d0\u05d7\u05ea \u05de\u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"<\/span>15 <\/span>years ago Underfunded state courts were forced to find alternatives for resolving cases that were <\/span>taking too much time and wasting too many scarce judicial resources <\/span>to a large extent, <\/span>mediation and other forms of ADR were forced on the bar by the bench and state legislature ".<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u05db\u05dc\u05d5\u05de\u05e8, \u05e8\u05e7 \u05de\u05e2\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7 \u05e2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05de\u05e2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e7\u05d1\u05e2 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05db\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d8\u05e8\u05dd \u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05ea, \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d0\u05d6 \u05d4\u05e4\u05da \u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05e8 \u05d5\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc \u05d1\u05e7\u05e8\u05d1 \u05d4\u05de\u05de\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9 \u2013 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05db\u05d0\u05d7\u05d3. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05de\u05e7\u05d9\u05e3 \u05d4\u05de\u05e0\u05ea\u05d7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d5\u05d4\u05ea\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 <\/span>\u05e9\u05dc \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d8\u05e7\u05e1\u05e1, \u05d0\u05e8\u05d4"\u05d1 \u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Jeffry S. Abrams<\/strong>) <\/span><\/strong>attorney-mediator in Houston, Texas, USA ( <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

COMPULSORY MEDIATION: THE <\/span><\/span><\/strong>TEXAS<\/span><\/span><\/strong> EXPERIENCE<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05e2\u05e8\u05ea \u05e9\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05ea \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dd \u05de\u05d7\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>[1]<\/span><\/span><\/span>The author is a full-time attorney-mediator in <\/span>Houston<\/span>, <\/span>Texas<\/span>, <\/span>USA<\/span>. He has conducted over 2000 mediations of almost every conceivable variety. He has also been trained as an arbitrator and conducted a number arbitrations. He has been a licensed attorney for over 17 years, practicing in the field of commercial litigation prior to his full-time mediation practice. He has served as President of the Houston Chapter of the Association of Attorney Mediators, the Chair of the Houston Bar Association\/Alternative Dispute Section, and as a Board Member of the <\/span>Harris<\/span> <\/span>County<\/span> <\/span>Dispute<\/span> <\/span>Resolution<\/span> <\/span>Center<\/span>, among other activities and presentations in the mediation community.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e7\u05d8\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05e0\u05d9\u05d0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d6\u05d4\u05d5 \u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e1\u05e4\u05e7 \u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05de\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0. \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc \u05d7\u05e9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d0\u05e6\u05e8\u05e3 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05db\u05dc\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5, \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05e7, \u05d1\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d0\u05e1\u05ea\u05e4\u05e7 \u05d1\u05e6\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05d8 \u05e4\u05e8\u05e7 \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05e7\u05e0\u05d4:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

"<\/span>Conclusion<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

I come from the point of view, based upon my experience, that the benefits of mediation are so numerous that the process sells itself. In other words, to know mediation is to love mediation. However, if you can\u2019t get to know it, you won\u2019t learn to love it. That is where compulsory mediation<\/span> comes in. It forces and otherwise skeptical group, who might never have tried mediation voluntarily, to know mediation, and thus to love mediation.<\/span><\/p>\n

It happened in Houston, and Dallas and other States in the <\/span>US<\/span>. It is likely happening in other parts of the world, as we speak. It may not be appropriate of successful in every country. Perhaps the balance of power is so much in favor of some that they don\u2019t wish to level the playing field. Perhaps it is not appropriate due to the characteristics of a particular culture.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, in societies where the real interest in the legal system is to fairly, reasonably and efficiently resolve disputes, mediation will likely be a useful tool in accomplishing that goal. If compulsory mediation can lead to faster acceptance and use of the process, it can be a significant aid to that society, and its use should be seriously considered"<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05e6\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05d8 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05dc \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4, \u05de\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e4\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d4 \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d8\u05e8\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4:<\/span><\/p>\n

Sparke Helmore is an integrated, national law firm chosen by corporate and government leaders for good reason – the insight, energy and collaboration we bring to legal services delivery.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e4\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5 \u05de\u05ea\u05de\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05db\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e4\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d0\u05de\u05e8, \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCourt ordered mediation<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

The courts, particularly in NSW )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>New South Wales<\/span>, Australia), <\/strong><\/span>have not hesitated to order unwilling parties in complex commercial disputes to mediate.2<\/sup> Einstein J in Daya v CNA Reinsurance Co Ltd & Ors stated:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Experience in the area of mediation throws up the fact that the process of mediation may even in major commercial litigation lead to quite unexpected results. From time to time the parties can find some form of unexpected way in which to achieve a compromise. From time to time the very circumstance that the compulsory mediation will cause the major players to have to listen to one another may have a cathartic effect.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Rich,3<\/sup> the parties were ordered to mediate, even against the will of the defendants. Austin J held:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The making of a mediation order may provide the opportunity for the parties to take stock of their positions away from the battleground of the courtroom\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05de\u05e2\u05df \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e6\u05d1\u05d9\u05e2 \u05d2\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05e4\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4. \u05d1\u05d0\u05e0\u05d2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e0\u05e2\u05e8\u05da \u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d1\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5 \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d4 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4' <\/span>Dame Hazel Genn<\/span> \u05de\u05d4\u05e4\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05de-<\/span> <\/span>University College London<\/span>, \u05ea\u05d7\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05dd: .<\/span>The Automatic Referral to Mediation (ARM) pilot scheme <\/span>\u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05d8\u05d9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05e0\u05e2\u05e8\u05da \u05d1\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d6 \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6 \u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05d2\u05e8\u05ea\u05d5, \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05da \u05e9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d0\u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05dc 2004, \u05de\u05d0\u05d4 \u05ea\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e0\u05d1\u05d7\u05e8\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9, \u05d4\u05d5\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05d0\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05e1\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05dc\u05e0\u05de\u05e7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8, \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d1\u05d8\u05dc \u05d4\u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d8\u05e2\u05de\u05d5 \u05d4\u05e0\u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d3\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d7\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05d4 \u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05d4\u05d0\u05dd \u05d1\u05d0\u05de\u05ea \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05db\u05da \u05d7\u05d9\u05e1\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05db\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05dd? \u05d4\u05d0\u05dd \u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05da \u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9 \u05de\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8? \u05db\u05d9\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d9\u05d2\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d0\u05db\u05e3 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd? \u05d5\u05db\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e4\u05ea\u05d2\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05e0\u05d2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2 \u2013 \u05d0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05d5\u05e1 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d5\u05e7\u05ea, \u05d4\u05d0\u05dd \u05ea\u05d5\u05db\u05dc \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d2\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd \u05dc\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e9\u05ea\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05de\u05e0\u05d4?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05e0\u05ea\u05e7\u05dc \u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9 \u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e6\u05e4\u05d5\u05d9 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05ea\u05d5, \u05e4\u05e1\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d4\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5\u05df <\/span>Dyson <\/span>, \u05e9\u05dc\u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d0\u05db\u05d9\u05e4\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05dd \u05d7\u05e4\u05e6\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05db\u05da \u05ea\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e0\u05e1\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05d1\u05d6\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d9\u05d5\u05de\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8. \u05db\u05ea\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5 \u05e0\u05e9\u05dc\u05dc\u05d4, \u05dc\u05de\u05e2\u05e9\u05d4, \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d6 \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6 \u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05ea\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05db\u05da, \u05d5\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05e1\u05e8\u05d1\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05e9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05e1 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05dc \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05de\u05de\u05e6\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05de\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d2\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05e3 \u05d1\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4. \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d0\u05e6\u05d8\u05d8 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05de\u05e1\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d4\u05e9\u05d2\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e1\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

"<\/span><\/span>The Court Mediation Service Toolkit, published in May 2007 by the Courts Service and the Civil Justice Council, states that \u2018research shows that mediation works best when there is some form of judicial encouragement, and that such encouragement can be quite robust.\u2019<\/em> This statement is not borne out by Hazel Genn\u2019s research, which indicated that robust judicial encouragement did not increase the take-up of mediation; it also suggested that increased pressure to mediate resulted in a decreased settlement rate.<\/span><\/p>\n

Why are judges and government so convinced that mediation is best for most court users, despite the reluctance which is evident in this research?"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4' \u05d9\u05e2\u05e7\u05d1 \u05e0\u05d0\u05de\u05df, \u05d1\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e0\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd 19.05.09 <\/span>\u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05d2\u05e8\u05ea \u05e7\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e0\u05e2\u05e8\u05db\u05d4 \u05dc\u05db\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5, <\/span>\u05e2"\u05d9 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d6 \u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6 \u05e9\u05dc \u05dc\u05e9\u05db\u05ea \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc, (\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 "\u05d1\u05d4\u05e2\u05e8\u05ea <\/span><\/span>\u05d0\u05d2<\/span><\/span>\u05d1" \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d6\u05db\u05e8\u05d4 \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc), \u05d1\u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0\u05de\u05e6\u05e2\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e7\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e0\u05ea \u05dc\u05d8\u05e4\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05e1 \u05d4\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e0\u05e1\u05d1\u05dc \u05d1\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5, \u05e8\u05de\u05d6 \u05e9\u05d1\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d4\u05d2\u05ea \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 (\u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4) \u05d9\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e0\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d1\u05e6\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e1\u05da 1,000,000 \u05dc\u05d9\u05e9"\u05d8, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d8\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d1\u05e8\u05d8\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05db\u05dc\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05db\u05e8\u05e2 \u05e9\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05d9\u05df <\/span>\u05d7\u05d5\u05dc\u05e7 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05da, \u05e9\u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc \u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05e5 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc \u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05e2\u05dc \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05dc\u05d7\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e9\u05db\u05e0\u05e2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05db\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0 \u05d1\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05db\u05d0\u05dc\u05d8\u05e8\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d4, \u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05d9\u05de\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d0\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05d8\u05dc\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d1\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0\u05ea \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d1\u05d5\u05d0 \u05db\u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9 \u05d5\u05de\u05e7\u05d9\u05e3, \u05e9\u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05e5 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d1\u05d4\u05ea\u05d0\u05dd \u05d5\u05d1\u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05e3 \u05dc\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8, \u05d1\u05d4\u05ea\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05ea \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05e2 \u05db\u05d0\u05df, \u05d5\u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9, \u05db\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d0\u05e3 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d7\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9, \u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05e5 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0\u05ea \u05e1\u05e2' 10 \u05dc<\/span><\/span>\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05ea\u05e9\u05db"\u05d7-1968<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"<\/span>\u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3 \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea\u05de\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

10<\/span>. <\/span>\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05d9\u05d7\u05d9\u05d3 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea\u05de\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea-\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8, \u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05db\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea\u05de\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05dd-\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea<\/span>"<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05dc\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea\u05de\u05e0\u05d4 <\/span>\u05db\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05db\u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea\u05de\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05dd \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05db\u05de\u05d5 \u05db\u05df \u05ea\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4, \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e6\u05e2\u05ea\u05e0\u05d5, \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0\u05ea \u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d4 8<\/span><\/span> \u05dc\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 (\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8), \u05d4\u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d2 \u2013 1993<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

"\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05e7\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

8. <\/span>(\u05d0) <\/span>\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05e2\u05ea \u05d5\u05dc\u05d1\u05e7\u05e9<\/span> \u05d7\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8, \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05de\u05e1\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05da \u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d4, \u05d1\u05db\u05ea\u05d1, \u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8".<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e4\u05df \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05e8, \u05e9\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d1\u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e9\u05d9\u05db\u05e0\u05e2 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd, \u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d9\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05da \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05d3\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea. \u05e2\u05dd \u05d6\u05d0\u05ea, \u05dc\u05de\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d3\u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e0\u05de\u05e6\u05d0 \u05d0\u05e3 \u05e4\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d7\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5, <\/span>\u05d9\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea. \u05d1\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8, \u05dc\u05d0 \u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d1\u05d7\u05e8 \u05dc\u05db\u05da \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05e1 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 (\u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d0\u05d9 \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05e9\u05ea\u05dc\u05dd \u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05e1 \u05e4\u05e8\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd) \u05d5\u05d1\u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d7 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2 \u05dc\u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da, \u05db\u05d9\u05e6\u05d3 \u05dc\u05e0\u05d4\u05d5\u05d2 \u05db\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05db\u05d9\u05e6\u05d3 \u05dc\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05de\u05de\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d4\u05d1\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e6\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05da, \u05e4\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1\u05ea \u05d1\u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d0\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05dc\u05d2\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d0\u05d1 \u05de\u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05ea \u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4. (\u05dc\u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d3"\u05e8 \u05e7\u05dc\u05d9\u05e0\u05d2 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d1\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e2\u05ea \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05e2\u05e8\u05db\u05ea \u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d0\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05de\u05ea\u05d5\u05e7\u05e3 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e2\u05d5"\u05d3.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d9\u05ea\u05db\u05df \u05d2\u05dd, \u05e9\u05d7\u05d5\u05e1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d2\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5, \u05e0\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05ea \u05d2\u05dd \u05de\u05db\u05da \u05e9\u05d7\u05e1\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05db\u05da \u05e9\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d9 \u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df (\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4\u05e1\u05e2' 79\u05d2 (\u05d0) "<\/span><\/span> <\/span>"\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8" \u2013 "\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df…"). <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/strong>\u05e2\u05d5"\u05d3 \u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05df \u05e1\u05d8\u05d9<\/span><\/strong>, <\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u05d9\u05d5<\/span><\/strong><\/span>"\u05e8 (\u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e3), \u05d5\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3\u05ea \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05d3 \u05dc\u05e9\u05db\u05ea \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc, \u05de\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 "\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05ea\u05d7\u05e7\u05d5\u05df \u05de\u05e1' 2 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea", \u05e9\u05e0\u05e2\u05e8\u05da \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd 26.5.09 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05e7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05d1\u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d0\u05e3 \u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2 \u05dc\u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d8\u05d9\u05e3 \u05dc \u2013<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>ADR<\/span> <\/span><\/span>(Alternative dispute resolution) <\/span>"\u05de\u05ea\u05d2\u05dc\u05d2\u05dc" (\u05d0\u05d5 "\u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05dc\u05d1") \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05e1\u05db\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05e7\u05e6\u05d9\u05d1 \u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05de\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05d2\u05ea \u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd, \u05d5\u05d0\u05dd \u05d6\u05d4 \u05e0\u05db\u05e9\u05dc, \u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05db\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d2\u05dd \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d6\u05d4 \u05db\u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05db\u05dd \u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05dc \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d2. \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d4?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d9\u05ea\u05d0\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d4\u05e6\u05dc\u05d7\u05e0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e9\u05db\u05e0\u05e2 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5, \u05d5\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7\u05d5 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4, \u05e9\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05e9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05ea\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9, \u05d0\u05dd \u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05de\u05e6\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e0\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d1\u05de\u05d1\u05d5\u05d0 \u05dc\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4, \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd <\/span>\u05db\u05d9\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d9\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d6\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9. <\/span>\u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05de\u05d3\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05ea\u05d9\u05e9\u05d0\u05e8, \u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05df, \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05db\u05dc \u05d1\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05ea\u05d2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d3\u05e7\u05d3\u05d5\u05e7\u05d9\u05d4, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05df:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

1. \u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05db\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05db\u05db\u05dc \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05e8\u05ea \u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0, \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05e1 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05dd \u05dc\u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc "\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9 \u05e4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d7" \u05d5\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3\u05ea. \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05d9\u05ea\u05d1\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05d1\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e4\u05ea, \u05e9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e2\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d6\u05d5\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5. <\/span>\u05d5\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05db\u05da, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd, \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e0\u05e9\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05d1\u05d3 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d5\u05db\u05ea\u05dd \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d3\u05e2\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e2\u05d5\u05d3. \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05e0\u05e1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d8\u05e2\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d9\u05e4\u05ea\u05d7 \u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05dd \u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d9\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd, \u05d9\u05ea\u05e2\u05de\u05e7 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05d5\u05d9\u05db\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4, \u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05df \u05de\u05ea\u05d5\u05d0\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05db"\u05d0 \u05de\u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, <\/span>\u05e2\u05dc \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05df. \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05db\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1 \u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05da \u05d5\u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05ea\u05d0 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05ea \u05e9\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5 \u05dc\u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05db\u05e9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d1\u05dc\u05e9\u05db\u05ea\u05d5, \u05d1\u05d8\u05e8\u05dd \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df, \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d2\u05d1\u05e9 \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05db\u05ea\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05db\u05da \u05d0\u05ea \u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05d1\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5, \u05d0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e0\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05e7 \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d0\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05db\u05e9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e2\u05dd \u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4, \u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d5\u05db\u05da \u05d2\u05dd \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d0\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05ea\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5, \u05db\u05da \u05e0\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8. \u05d5\u05db\u05e9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05ea\u05de\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05ea \u05dc\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc, \u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc \u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea \u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da, \u05db\u05da \u05d4\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05d7\u05d5\u05dc\u05e7 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05da, \u05e9\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05dd \u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d9\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 (\u05d0\u05dd \u05db\u05d9 \u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d6\u05d5\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5). \u05d9\u05e7\u05dc, \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05df, \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05da \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8, \u05d4\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05e8, \u05de\u05d1\u05e2\u05d5\u05d3 \u05de\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3, \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d4\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05ea\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d4\u05df \u05d5\u05d4\u05e1\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05df \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u2013 \u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e9\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05e4"\u05d9 \u05db\u05dc \u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d7\u05d4, \u05d0\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d0, \u05e9\u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8, \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05de\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

2. \u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05ea<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05de\u05d8\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8, \u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05d2\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5, <\/span>\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e1\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9\u05ea \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d5\u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05e1\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da. \u05e0\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05dd \u05e9\u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05dc\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d4\u05ea\u05d3\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9, \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d1\u05db\u05da, \u05e9\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05d9\u05de\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d5, \u05d1\u05e1\u05d5\u05e4\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05dc\u05d7 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da, \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05ea\u05e7\u05d3\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05e2\u05dd \u05d6\u05d0\u05ea, \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d8\u05e8\u05da \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05de\u05d9 \u05de\u05d4\u05dd, \u05de\u05d4\u05df \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e7\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3 \u05e9\u05de\u05e0\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d5\u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05e1\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d3\u05d5\u05de\u05d4, \u05d1\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05de\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc \u05e7\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2 \u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u2013 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05df \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05e7\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05de\u05e0\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 (\u05d7\u05e7\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4).<\/span> \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05d6\u05d3\u05e7\u05e7 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05e0"\u05dc \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05e4\u05e9 "\u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05d8\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea" \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05e2 \u05dc\u05d5, \u05d1\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d8\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d0\u05de\u05e6\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05d2\u05ea\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e1\u05d8\u05e0\u05d3\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05db\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4. \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05db\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e8\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e1\u05d8\u05e0\u05d3\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2 \u05d1\u05e1\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7, \u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05d1\u05e7\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05ea\u05d0\u05e8 \u05de\u05e6\u05d1, \u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05d2\u05de\u05d0, <\/span>\u05d1\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2 \u05de\u05d2\u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05db\u05dc\u05e9\u05d4\u05df, \u05d5\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05db\u05da \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05e8\u05da \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e4\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05ea\u05d0 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d1\u05e7\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d1\u05e2 \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05db"\u05d0 \u05de\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05d6\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05de\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8 \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>\u05d0\u05d2<\/span>\u05d1, \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05e0\u05d6\u05db\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d5\u05d2\u05de\u05d0 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d1\u05e1\u05d9\u05e1 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05dd \u05de\u05db\u05e8 \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05e0\u05e2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc-\u05e4\u05d4. \u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05e9\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05db\u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4, \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05e8 \u05db\u05dc\u05dc <\/span>\u05d1\u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05de\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d7\u05d5\u05d6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05db\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2\u05d9\u05df. \u05d5\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d1\u05d3\u05e8\u05da <\/span>\u05d0\u05d2<\/span>\u05d1, \u05d5\u05d6\u05d5 \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05db\u05d6\u05d4, \u05e9\u05d9\u05db\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc \u2013 \u05d0\u05e4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e4\u05df \u05d0\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9 – \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05e0\u05d3\u05e8\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7, \u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d7\u05ea\u05dd \u05db\u05e0\u05d3\u05e8\u05e9 \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d9\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05d5\u05da \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05db\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d5\u05e7\u05e3 \u05e2\u05e4"\u05d9 \u05e1\u05e2' 8 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2\u05d9\u05df??).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3, \u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05dc\u05dd \u05de\u05ea\u05e4\u05d9\u05e1\u05ea \u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd. \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05e2 \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05dd \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05dd \u05d1\u05d7\u05e8\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05d7\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea\u05dd, \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05e6\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05d4 \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5. \u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05ea\u05ea \u05d1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05df, \u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05d7\u05e1\u05e8\u05ea \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05ea \u05d9\u05d3\u05e2 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e9\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05ea \u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05d2\u05dd \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05de\u05ea \u05e8\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05de\u05e2\u05de\u05d3 \u05d6\u05d4, \u05db\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2 \u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8, \u05e0\u05e8\u05db\u05e9 \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05e4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd , \u05d4\u05d4\u05e7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05e4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4 <\/span>\u05d5\u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05e4\u05d2\u05d9\u05df \u05db\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05d6\u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9 \u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d9\u05e3 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4\u05e7\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4, \u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05d5 \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05db\u05dc \u05e6\u05d3,<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05d4\u05ea\u05de\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05d5\u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea <\/span>\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea (\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d5\u05e4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4) \u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05d4\u05d2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05e0\u05e6\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05db\u05d0\u05df, \u05e9\u05de\u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5 \u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05db\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05da \u05d5\u05e8\u05e7 \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05e8\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05e1\u05db\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5, \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 <\/span>\u05e9\u05d9\u05d9\u05da \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05db\u05dc\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05dc\u05de\u05d9 \u05de\u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d1\u05d3 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d5.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

3. \u05e4\u05e8\u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05e2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05e0\u05e0\u05d9\u05d7 \u05e9\u05de\u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05de\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05e0\u05e9\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05de\u05e2\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e1\u05d1\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e8\u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e7\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea (\u05de\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05e8\u05e4\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d4\u05e0\u05d3\u05e1\u05d4) \u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05d2\u05de\u05d0 \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea <\/span>\u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d1\u05ea. \u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05df \u05de\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05ea\u05e4\u05e7\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05e2 \u05d1\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4. \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e0\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e4\u05df \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05dc\u05d9\u05d2\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05e9\u05d9\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e2\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d5 \u05de\u05d5\u05e9\u05d2 \u05de\u05d4\u05df \u05d4\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d1\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8\u05e9 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e3<\/span> <\/span><\/strong>79\u05d2.(\u05d2) \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

"\u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d3, \u05d5\u05e2\u05dd \u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da;<\/span> \u05d5\u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05e4\u05d2\u05e9 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05ea\u05d5, <\/span>\u05d1\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5".<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d0\u05dd \u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05e7\u05e8\u05d5\u05d0 \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05de\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e3 \u05d4\u05e0"\u05dc "\u05d5\u05e2\u05dd \u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da", \u05d0\u05ea \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e6\u05e8\u05e3 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d9\u05d9\u05e2\u05e5 \u05dc\u05d5 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05e7\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea, \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05d2\u05e2\u05ea \u05dc\u05e0\u05e9\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da, \u05d5\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05d6\u05d4, \u05d1\u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05e3 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05ea \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d2\u05dd \u05d9\u05e6\u05d8\u05e8\u05db\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05db\u05e8\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0 \u05db\u05df, \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05db\u05da \u05e0\u05e6\u05d8\u05e8\u05da \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d5\u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\/\u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7 \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d5\u05dc\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d3\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d6\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e1\u05e2' \u05d9\u05d1' \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05ea \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"<\/span>\u05d9\u05d1.<\/span> <\/span>\u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05e2\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d8\u05e2\u05d5\u05df \u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8, \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05e9\u05dc\u05d1 \u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9-\u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d6\u05d3\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e0\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d8\u05e2\u05d5\u05df \u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e1\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea-\u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05e0\u05d4; \u05e2\u05d5\u05ea\u05e7 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea-\u05d4\u05d3\u05e2\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05e1\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9-\u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05d4\u05dd \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d3\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d7\u05e7\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d4 \u05db\u05d0\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05d3 \u05de\u05d8\u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8; \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05e2 \u05e2\u05d3\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05e1\u05e8 \u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05de\u05d7\u05d4, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05e2 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05da \u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9-\u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5<\/span>"<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

4. \u05e4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05d4\u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e6\u05dc\u05d7\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05e4"\u05d9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05ea \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d1\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05ea\u05d5. \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05e0\u05d5 \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d1\u05db\u05da \u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05d3\u05d9. \u05d9\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d5\u05d5\u05d3\u05d0 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e2\u05e8 \u05dc\u05db\u05da \u05e9\u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05e6\u05d2\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05dd \u05d4\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e7\u05d3\u05de\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df, \u05d4\u05dd \u05e9\u05d9\u05e2\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05dd \u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05de\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 "\u05db\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9" \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05db\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05ea \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05d5\u05da \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e4\u05d9\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05e7\u05d9\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea, \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea \u05d5\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05e9\u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e6\u05dc\u05d7\u05ea\u05d5, \u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d0\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d6\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7, \u05e9\u05d9\u05ea\u05e7\u05df \u05d0\u05ea <\/span>\u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e3<\/span> <\/span><\/strong>79\u05d2.(\u05d2) \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d4\u05e0"\u05dc, \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05e4\u05df \u05e9\u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea, \u05e2\u05dc \u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc \u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05d2\u05e9 \u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dd \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05ea \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d5\u05db\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05dd,<\/span> \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d5\u05d5\u05db\u05d7 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05e8\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05de\u05e9 \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0, \u05e9\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05d9\u05d9\u05e6\u05d2\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e7\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d7\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05e8\u05d2\u05e9\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05d5\u05d4\u05d4\u05e0\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e9\u05db\u05dc \u05e8\u05e6\u05d5\u05e0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d1\u05e8\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d2\u05d5\u05e4\u05d5 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05d2 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05e9\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05d9\u05d9\u05e6\u05d2\u05d9\u05dd. \u05d6\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d1\u05e1\u05d9\u05e1 \u05dc\u05de\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05ea\u05e3 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d5\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05de\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e9\u05d9 \u05dc\u05db\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0, \u05e9\u05db\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e0\u05dc\u05d7\u05dd \u05d1"\u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd" <\/span>\u05dc\u05e7\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05dd \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5. \u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7, \u05d1\u05d4\u05e8\u05d1\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05e2\u05d5\u05e1, \u05e4\u05d2\u05d5\u05e2, \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05db\u05e0\u05e2 \u05d1\u05e6\u05d3\u05e7\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d5\u05de\u05e6\u05e4\u05d4 \u05de\u05d1\u05d0-\u05db\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e0\u05d7\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d5\u05ea\u05e7\u05d9\u05e3 (\u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05e3 \u05ea\u05d5\u05e7\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u2013 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7, \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e8\u05d5\u05e6\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05ea\u05d5\u05e7\u05e3 \u05d5\u05de\u05db\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05e8\u05da \u05d5\u05de\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5 \u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05e0\u05d0\u05d9). \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05db\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5, "\u05e4\u05d5\u05d6\u05dc" \u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05e2\u05ea, \u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d7 \u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05ea\u05d3\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5, \u05e2\u05d5\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05de\u05de\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d7 \u05dc\u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05de\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d4\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d5.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05ea \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d9\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea \u05de\u05d4\u05d4\u05e0\u05d7\u05d4, \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8, \u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05dd \u05dc\u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05dc\u05d4\u05e4\u05d2\u05e9 <\/span>\u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dd \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d5\u05de\u05d1\u05dc\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e0\u05ea\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05dc\u05d7\u05e6\u05dd, \u05d5\u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d9\u05ea\u05dd \u05dc\u05e0\u05e1\u05d7 \u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d2\u05d3\u05e8\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05d5\u05de\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d9\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05e6\u05d3 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e0\u05e1\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05dc\u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc\u05d4\u05dd<\/span>, \u05d1\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e7\u05d3\u05dd \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d7\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd, \u05dc\u05e2\u05d3\u05db\u05e0\u05dd \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05e9\u05d2 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4\u05e8, \u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05e0\u05e2 \u05de\u05dc\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05d9 \u05e6\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05d1\u05d9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05de\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5. \u05d1\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05de\u05e4\u05d2\u05e9 \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05d1\u05d0\u05d9 \u05db\u05d7 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05e0\u05e2 \u05de\u05dc\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2 "\u05e7\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d3\u05d5\u05de\u05d9\u05dd", \u05e9\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da, \u05dc\u05e2\u05e8\u05e4\u05dc \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d7\u05e1\u05d5\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05dc\u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05e2 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5 \u05d9\u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8, \u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05e0\u05e2 \u05de\u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05d1\u05d9\u05dc \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d1\u05d6\u05de\u05df, \u05e9\u05db\u05df \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05d1\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e9\u05db\u05d6\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05e4\u05e2\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05d2\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d6\u05d0\u05ea. \u05d0\u05dc \u05dc\u05e0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05dc\u05dd \u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d6\u05de\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5"\u05d1\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd" \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da. \u05db\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8, \u05e9\u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05e0\u05db\u05e0\u05e1 \u05dc\u05de\u05e9\u05e8\u05d3\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e6\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05e1 \u05d5\u05db\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc\u05d1 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc \u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d5\u05dd \u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df. \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05e6\u05d9\u05d3\u05e7\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d7\u05dc\u05d8\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d3\u05d5\u05e8\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05db\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05e0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d9\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8, \u05e9\u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc \u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05db\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d5\u05de\u05dc\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e5 \u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9, \u05e8\u05e7 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d5\u05d4 \u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05d1\u05ea \u05d4\u05d5\u05db\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d7\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d7\u05e7\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d2\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea. \u05dc\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d1\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9, \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d1\u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05e1 \u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05e2 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d3\u05d7\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d5\u05d3 \u05ea\u05e9\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d7\u05de\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d3\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc \u05d0\u05d7\u05ea \u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05e1\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e1\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea (\u05d5\u05d6\u05d0\u05ea \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e0\u05d4\u05d2 \u05e9\u05e2\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05d5\u05de\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u05e9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05de\u05ea\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5), \u05e8\u05e7 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d4\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7, \u05e9\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05de\u05de\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d0\u05ea \u05db\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05de\u05d5, \u05e4\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d3\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05e1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05e7 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8, \u05e8\u05e7 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d5\u05e9\u05e4\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05ea \u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05e2\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d0\u05dd \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d0-\u05db\u05d5\u05d7\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3 \u05e9\u05db\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3, (\u05d5\u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d2\u05dd \u05e2"\u05d9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d6\u05d5 \u05de\u05e6\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d5), \u05e8\u05e7 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05db\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d8\u05e8\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05e9\u05d5\u05d0 – \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d0\u05d6 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc \u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e5 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05d4\u05de"\u05e9 \u2013 \u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05d6\u05d4 \u2013 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e6\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d2\u05d1\u05d9 \u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d7\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e7\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2 \u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

5. "\u05d0\u05e8\u05d2\u05d6 \u05db\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd" \u05e2\u05d3\u05db\u05e0\u05d9 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e0\u05ea\u05e4\u05e1 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9, \u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05d1 \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05db"\u05de\u05e9\u05d7\u05e7 \u05d1\u05e7\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd". \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e3 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e6\u05e8\u05d9\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05ea\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d8\u05e8\u05e0\u05e1\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05e1\u05dd \u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05d2\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e9\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05e3 \u05e4\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e1\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d6\u05de\u05df. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05de\u05ea\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d7\u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2, \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05da \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05ea\u05d0 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05ea \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05dd, \u05e9\u05d9\u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e2 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05ea \u05db\u05dc \u05e6\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05ea \u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5, \u05d1\u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05de\u05e6\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05e2\u05e0\u05d4 \u05dc\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05e9\u05d2\u05ea \u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05e4\u05ea \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d4 2 \u05dc<\/span> \u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 (\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8), \u05d4\u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d2 \u2013 1993<\/span><\/span>, \u05e0\u05e7\u05d1\u05e2 \u05db\u05d3\u05dc\u05e7\u05de\u05df:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

"\u05de\u05d4\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2.\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0\u05dd \u05dc\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05de\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da, \u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d1\u05de\u05d7\u05dc\u05d5\u05e7\u05ea, \u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2 \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da<\/span> \u05d5\u05d4\u05e6\u05e2\u05ea \u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5".<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea\u05db\u05df \u05e9\u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e3 \u05dc\u05e4\u05e8\u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d6\u05d5 \u05d1\u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05e9\u05ea\u05db\u05dc\u05d5\u05dc \u05d1\u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d2\u05dd \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05de\u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05e4\u05ea \u05ea\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9\u05d5 \u05db\u05ea\u05e6\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e2\u05d4 \u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d5\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df, \u05e0\u05d6\u05e7\u05e7 \u05dc\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7 \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e0\u05ea \u05dc\u05e7\u05d1\u05e2 \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05e9\u05db\u05d6\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05d2\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05e4\u05ea \u05ea\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05e6\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05ea\u05e6\u05d4\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d4\u05dd \u05db\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9 \u05d1\u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05e4\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05ea\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05d4 \u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d6\u05d4\u05d5 \u05ea\u05e0\u05d0\u05d9 \u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05e6\u05d3 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d4\u05e9\u05e0\u05d9, \u05de\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d5\u05e8\u05e7 \u05de\u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05d7\u05e4\u05e9 \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d9\u05e7\u05dc \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7 \u05d0\u05dd \u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05e5 \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d1\u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e3 \u05d7' \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05ea, \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05d3\u05dc\u05e7\u05de\u05df: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"<\/span> \u05d7.<\/span> <\/span>\u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9-\u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd, \u05dc\u05d2\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05dc \u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05da \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05dc \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea-\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5<\/span>"<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d1\u05d7\u05df \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05ea \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"<\/span>\u05d8\u05d6. <\/span>\u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05d4\u05dc\u05da \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e4\u05e1\u05e7-\u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05de\u05e7\u05e6\u05ea\u05d5, \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea-\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e9\u05dd \u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05d7\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea-\u05d3\u05e2\u05ea<\/span>"<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05de\u05d4\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d3-1984:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

"\u05e4\u05e8\u05e7 \u05d9"\u05d8: \u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>234. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd \u05e9\u05e0\u05e7\u05d1\u05e2 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05db\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d3\u05dd \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d5\u05ea \u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da, \u05d9\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e8\u05e6\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>235. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05ea\u05d4\u05d0 \u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d8\u05d5\u05e4\u05e1 24, \u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05dc\u05e7 \u05dc\u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u05d1\u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05db\u05d9\u05dc \u05d1\u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05ea\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05ea\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d9\u05d4\u05d0 \u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d1\u05d4\u05dd, \u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d4. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>236. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05ea\u05d9\u05d7\u05ea\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5 \u05e0\u05e6\u05d9\u05d2\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d5\u05ea\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e2\u05ea\u05e7\u05d9\u05dd. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>237. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05d1\u05e9\u05e2\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05ea\u05de\u05da \u05e2\u05dc \u05ea\u05db\u05e0\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d8\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d4 235, \u05d5\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7 \u05de\u05df \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e1\u05e7\u05e0\u05d4, \u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea, \u05e9\u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e1\u05d9\u05e7 \u05de\u05d4\u05dd \u05d0\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d4\u05d5\u05db\u05d7\u05d5 <\/span><\/span>\u05d0\u05d2<\/span><\/span>\u05d1 \u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d4. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>238. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e4\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc-\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8; \u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05ea\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9 \u05d1\u05db\u05ea\u05d1 \u05d5\u05ea\u05d4\u05d0 \u05e0\u05ea\u05de\u05db\u05ea \u05d1\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05d2\u05e2 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc-\u05d3\u05d9\u05df. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd 26.10.1997<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

\u05ea\u05e7' (\u05de\u05e1' 2) \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d6-1997<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e7"\u05ea \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d6 \u05de\u05e1' 5855<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd 1.10.1997 \u05e2\u05de' 1262<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

238. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e4\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc-\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8; \u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05ea\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9\u00a0 \u05d1\u05db\u05ea\u05d1<\/span> \u05d5\u05ea\u05d4\u05d0 \u05e0\u05ea\u05de\u05db\u05ea \u05d1\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05d7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05d2\u05e2 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc-\u05d3\u05d9\u05df. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>239. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e6\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05e2 \u05dc\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05d0\u05e8\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05e0\u05e7\u05d1\u05e2 \u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05e0\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05d0\u05df \u05d3\u05d4 \u05e4\u05dc\u05d9\u05d2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u05e9\u05d4\u05d0\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05e9 \u05db\u05dc\u05d9 \u05de\u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc \u05de\u05e2\u05d9\u05df \u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d9\u05e9 \u05dc\u05e9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc \u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05db\u05d2\u05d5\u05df \u05d6\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05df \u05e2\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u2013 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"13<\/span>.(\u05d0) <\/span>\u05dc\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8 \u05e0\u05ea\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05e2\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d0\u05ea \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d9\u05dd <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e0\u05ea\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea-\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5, \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e4\u05e1\u05d5\u05e7 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dd <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05db\u05e8 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u05d1) <\/span>\u05e2\u05d3 \u05d4\u05de\u05e2\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05d7\u05e1\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05db\u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d3 \u05d4\u05de\u05e2\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea-\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u05d2) <\/span>\u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8, \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea-\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8, \u05e2\u05dc \u05e4\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05ea \u05d4\u05e2\u05d3, \u05dc\u05d1\u05d8\u05dc \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05e0\u05d4, \u05d0\u05dd \u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d4 \u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05dc\u05e8\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea<\/span>"<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

(\u05d5\u05d4\u05e8\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e1\u05e2' 79\u05d2 (\u05d2) \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 "\u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e2\u05d3…(\u05d5)\u05e2\u05dd \u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da".)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d8\u05dc\u05ea \u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05e2\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d4? \u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e3 29 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"29<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>(\u05d0)<\/span> <\/span>\u05de\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d2\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e4\u05e1\u05e7 \u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5, \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc \u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e0\u05db\u05e1\u05d9<\/span> <\/span>\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e9\u05e0\u05d2\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05d4\u05e4\u05e1\u05e7, \u05e2\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05ea\u05d5 \u05de\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05d9\u05dc\u05d5\u05d9 \u05e4\u05e1\u05e7 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea;\u05d4\u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc \u05e9\u05ea\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc-\u05e4\u05d4, \u05d5\u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d1\u05e7\u05e9 \u05de\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u05d1) <\/span>\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05db\u05dc \u05d7\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc \u05d6\u05de\u05e0\u05d9, \u05e2\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d5\u05de\u05ea\u05df \u05e2\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d9\u05d7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e1\u05e2\u05d3 \u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u05e1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e3 \u05d6\u05d4, \u05d1\u05e9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd<\/span>"<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05df \u05dc\u05d7\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05d8\u05d5\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8, \u05db\u05d2\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d8\u05dc\u05ea \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d3\u05e8\u05d9\u05e9\u05ea \u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05db\u05de\u05e9\u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05d1\u05ea\u05e7' 418 <\/span>\u05dc<\/span>\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d3-1984<\/span>, \u05e9\u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd "\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8" \u05d5"\u05de\u05e2\u05e8\u05e2\u05e8", \u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 "\u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8" \u05d5"\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df" \u05d1\u05d4\u05ea\u05d0\u05de\u05d4:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"<\/span><\/span>418. <\/span><\/span>\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05db\u05dc \u05e2\u05ea \u05dc\u05d4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05de\u05e2\u05e8\u05e2\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0 \u05dc\u05d5 \u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05de\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d9\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8 \u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05e0\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e9\u05d1\u05e2\u05e8\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8, \u05d1\u05ea\u05e0\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8, \u05dc\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05e6\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea<\/span><\/span>"<\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05e6\u05dd, \u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e2 \u05dc\u05d0?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d3. \u05db\u05e1\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dd – \u05e0\u05d3\u05e8\u05e9 "\u05d0\u05e7\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9"<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/strong>.<\/span><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05ea \u05de\u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05e2\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05ea\u05ea \u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8 "\u05e1\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8" \u05d5\u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05e8\u05d0 \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05de\u05df \u05dc\u05e7\u05e8\u05d5\u05d0 \u05e9\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d5\u05e8\u05e7 \u05d1\u05db\u05d3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05e1\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d5\u05d6\u05df \u05d1\u05d9\u05d7\u05e1 \u05dc\u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05ea \u05e9\u05dd, \u05d0\u05e8\u05e9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8 \u05db\u05d0\u05df \u05e2\u05dc \u05e6\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05d8 \u05de\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e2\u05d5"\u05d3 \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05e8\u05e4\u05d9\u05e9<\/span>, (\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05e1\u05e7\u05d9 \u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e4\u05dc\u05d5\u05e1 \u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6 \u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05de\u05d7\u05dc\u05d5\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05dd – \u05ea\u05dc-\u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1) \u05e9\u05d4\u05ea\u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e0\u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05ea\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e9\u05db\u05ea \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05e2\u05d5\u05e8\u05db\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d1\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05ea\u05d7\u05ea \u05d4\u05db\u05d5\u05ea\u05e8\u05ea: <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

"\u05ea\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e2\u05d3\u05d9\u05e3 \u05dc\u05e9\u05db\u05d5\u05d7:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05e9\u05d5\u05d1 \u05ea\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d5\u05e4\u05e8\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d7\u05d5\u05d3. \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d7\u05e7\u05df \u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d5\u05d1\u05de\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd. \u05d0\u05da \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05d9, \u05d5\u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05db\u05d6\u05d4, \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05dc\u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8. \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05dc\u05e4\u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4\u05d4\u05ea\u05d7\u05dc\u05d4, \u05dc\u05e0\u05ea\u05d1 \u05d5\u05dc\u05de\u05e7\u05d3 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5, \u05dc\u05e0\u05d5\u05d5\u05d8 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0\u05ea \u05e4\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d0\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05de\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05da \u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d5\u05dc\u05e9\u05de\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d2\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d2\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da. \u05d6\u05d0\u05ea \u05d9\u05d5\u05db\u05dc \u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e8\u05e7 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d0\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9. \u05d5\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d5\u05db\u05dc \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05df \u05d4\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da". <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/em><\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d9\u05d6\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4, \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4, \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d7\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05e4\u05e8\u05e4\u05e8\u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8<\/span>, "\u05d0\u05e7\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1\u05d9\u05d6\u05dd \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9"<\/span><\/span><\/strong>. \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e2\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05e9\u05d1 \u05db\u05de\u05d5 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d5\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05d7\u05e7\u05d9 \u05d8\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05e7\u05df \u05de\u05d5\u05d2\u05d1\u05d4, \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d1 \u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e5 \u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e8\u05e9, <\/span>\u05d0\u05dc\u05d0 \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05e7\u05d8\u05d9\u05d1\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05e8\u05d3, \u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df, \u05dc\u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05e7\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea. \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05db\u05e0\u05e2 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e7\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05d1\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d1\u05e9\u05d8\u05d7, \u05d9\u05e2\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d5\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05e7\u05e8 \u05dc\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e8\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05db\u05d5\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d1\u05db\u05da \u05dc\u05e7\u05e8\u05d1 \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05df, \u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05dd \u05db\u05dc \u05d1\u05e2\u05e6\u05de\u05dd, \u05d0\u05ea \u05d2\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da, \u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05d1\u05e7\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05d2 \u05d1\u05e4\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d1\u05e2\u05dc \u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05de\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05e2\u05dc "\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d2\u05d3\u05d5\u05dc" \u05d5\u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d4\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d6\u05d4 "\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05e7\u05d8\u05df". \u05dc\u05de\u05d9\u05d8\u05d1 \u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05e2\u05ea\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05ea \u05de\u05e0\u05d9\u05e2\u05d4, \u05e9\u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d0 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d8\u05d7, \u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d5\u05db\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d9\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05e9\u05de\u05d5 \u05de\u05de\u05e8\u05d0\u05d4 \u05e2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05d9\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5 \u05e2\u05dc \u05de\u05e6\u05d1 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d0\u05e3 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea "\u05de\u05e9\u05d7\u05e7 \u05d1\u05e7\u05dc\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d7\u05d9\u05dd" \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d1\u05db\u05da \u05d0\u05da \u05d5\u05e8\u05e7 \u05dc\u05e7\u05d3\u05dd \u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d0\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d3\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e7\u05d1\u05dc \u05ea\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea, \u05ea\u05d5\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05db\u05dc \u05de\u05e1\u05de\u05da \u05e8\u05dc\u05d1\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8, \u05e9\u05d9\u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e2\u05d5\u05de\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05e2\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05e7\u05e8\u05d5\u05d1 \u05dc\u05d5\u05d3\u05d0\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d9\u05e0\u05d8\u05e8\u05e1\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05db"\u05d0 \u05de\u05d4\u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d9\u05e6\u05de\u05d7 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d8\u05d5\u05d1\u05ea \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e6\u05d3\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d9\u05e6\u05de\u05d9\u05d7 \u05e4\u05e9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05ea\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05d5\u05ea\u05d5\u05e9\u05d2 \u05dc\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05db\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e6\u05e2\u05e8\u05e0\u05d5.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u05dc\u05e1\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dd, \u05db\u05e4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d0\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05d4"\u05d1 \u05d0\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05d1\u05ea \u05e7\u05d9\u05d9\u05de\u05d0, \u05d0\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7\u05e7 \u05e9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5 \u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d0\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05dc\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc \u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05db\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05d4, \u05d1\u05db\u05e4\u05d5\u05e3 \u05dc\u05e9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc \u05d3\u05e2\u05ea\u05d5 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8, \u05e9\u05d9\u05d9\u05e7\u05d7 \u05d1\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d5\u05df \u05d0\u05ea \u05d8\u05d9\u05d1 \u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05d5\u05e2\u05de\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df. \u05e0\u05d3\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d9 \u05e9\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d7\u05e9 \u05e8\u05e7 \u05db\u05d0\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc \u05d4\u05d2\u05d5\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05ea\u05d0\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05de\u05e9\u05e8\u05d3 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd \u05ea\u05d9\u05d5\u05d5\u05e6\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05e1\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5, \u05d1\u05de\u05e6\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd \u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e2\u05dc \u05e4\u05e0\u05d9 \u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05d8\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05db\u05dc\u05dc \u05d6\u05d4. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d9\u05ea\u05e8\u05d7\u05e9 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d8\u05e8\u05da \u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd \u05d3\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9 \u05e9\u05dc \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05dd \u05dc\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc \u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05da \u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d5\u05d2\u05e8, \u05ea\u05d5\u05da \u05d4\u05db\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05d8\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05d1\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2 \u05d4\u05e1\u05db\u05e1\u05d5\u05da \u05d1\u05d5 \u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05d2\u05e9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05d3\u05dd \u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05e9 \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05d2\u05d6 \u05db\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05e4\u05d5\u05ea\u05d7 \u05d5\u05e8\u05e6\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05db\u05de\u05ea\u05d5\u05d0\u05e8 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc, \u05e9\u05d9\u05d0\u05e4\u05e9\u05e8 \u05d0\u05de\u05e0\u05dd \u05d4\u05e9\u05d2\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d2\u05dd \u05d1\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e1\u05d1\u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05db\u05d1\u05d3\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05e7\u05dc, \u05e9\u05d9\u05d5\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d0\u05dc\u05d9\u05d4\u05dd \u05de\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05d1\u05e6\u05d5 \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d0\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8 \u05ea\u05d7\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05d1\u05d8\u05d7 \u05e8\u05e6"\u05d1 \u05d4\u05de\u05d0\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05d0\u05d5\u05d6\u05db\u05e8\u05d5 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05dc:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

Articles<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

COMPULSORY MEDIATION: THE <\/span><\/span><\/strong>TEXAS<\/span><\/span><\/strong> EXPERIENCE<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

By Jeffry S. Abrams<\/span><\/span><\/strong> [1]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

I recently attended a conference on Mediation in <\/span>London<\/span>, <\/span>England<\/span>. [2]<\/a> One of the most discussed and contentious topics were whether mediation should be compulsory or voluntary. All of those commenting from the <\/span>UK<\/span> felt that mediation should not be compulsory. All of those from the <\/span>US<\/span> felt that it should. I am a full-time attorney-mediator in <\/span>Houston<\/span>, <\/span>TX<\/span>, <\/span>USA<\/span>. I agree with my compatriots at the London Conference. I w<\/span>il<\/span>l explain why by discussing the experience with compulsory mediation in <\/span>Texas<\/span>, in general, and my experience in <\/span>Houston<\/span>, in particular. Wh<\/span>il<\/span>e there are many schemes for compulsory mediation around the world, and wh<\/span>il<\/span>e I have mediated cases of many different varieties in many different courts, the paper w<\/span>il<\/span>l focus on mediation of court annexed, non fam<\/span>il<\/span>y, civ<\/span>il<\/span> cases in Texas State courts, a very active area of mediation and compulsory mediation in Texas, and, in my opinion, an area which has had significant influence on the expansion of both compulsory and non-compulsory mediation in Texas and elsewhere.<\/span><\/p>\n

I. The History of Compulsory Mediation in <\/span><\/span><\/strong>Texas<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

In 1987, the Texas Legislature passed the Alternative Dispute Resolution Act (the \u201cADR Act\u201d)[3]<\/a>, authorizing a court to refer a pending dispute to mediation or some other<\/span><\/p>\n

Authorized procedure. [4]<\/a> Section 154.021 of the ADR Act states, in part, that \u201cA court may (emphasis added)\u2026 refer a pending dispute\u2026\u201d Obviously, this is not a pure compulsory mediation statute requiring all cases to be mediated. Instead, it leaves the discretion with the court to refer the mediation, it it sees fit. The ADR Act, generally, does not limit the type or size of case that can be referred to mediation. [5]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Section 154.022 of the ADR Act allows for the f<\/span>il<\/span>ing of an objection to the mediation by f<\/span>il<\/span>ing a motion with the Court within ten days after the mediation order is received.[6]<\/a> If the court finds that there is a reasonable basis for an objection, it may not refer the dispute. [7]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Mediation was not a very well known process at the time. Some community-based disputes, such as neighborhood disputes and those involving customers and small merchants, were being mediated by an organization now known as the <\/span>Harris<\/span> <\/span>County<\/span> <\/span>Dispute<\/span> <\/span>Resolution<\/span> <\/span>Center<\/span> and sim<\/span>il<\/span>ar community-based organizations in <\/span>Texas<\/span>. Some mediation of fam<\/span>il<\/span>y law disputes took place but the practice was not well established at that time. Some insurance companies even established mediation programs, usually for personal injury matters, where they would request the mediator to call the Plaintiff\u2019s counsel, explain the mediation process, offer to pay the entire fee and try to convince Plaintiff\u2019s counsel to agree to the mediation. Sometimes they did. Other times they didn\u2019t. However, an insignificant number of cases were mediated in this fashion. The time for mediation had not yet come.<\/span><\/p>\n

The large majority of attorneys, judges and clients had not yet heard of mediation. And they were not likely to unless the Courts were educated about the benefits of mediation and began using some of their newly created discretion to order parties to mediate, pursuant to the ADR Act. From my experience, attorneys are not particularly interested in engaging in new and untried processes. Particularly, if they, or their clients, have to pay for them. The attorneys were not likely to, and did not, engage freely in the mediation process without a push from the Court. This is supported by the fact that mediation was not widely used unt<\/span>il<\/span> the Judges got on board.<\/span><\/p>\n

This began to happen in 1988 when a well respected attorney and litigator in Dallas, Texas, Steve Brusche\u2019, hand picked a small group of other well respected litigators in Dallas, trained them to mediate and convinced a number of judges to order their cases to mediation pursuant to the ADR Act. Shortly thereafter, he came down to <\/span>Houston<\/span> and did the same thing. A number of judges in Dallas and Houston were sold on the idea and began ordering their cases to mediation. As expected, the attorneys were not thr<\/span>il<\/span>led to be forced into this new, and often expensive, process. Often thinking it would be a complete waste of time and limited resources. Being compulsory, however, they had no choice.[8]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Much to their surprise, many of the attorney\u2019s and clients found the process to be worthwh<\/span>il<\/span>e. More importantly, so did the judges. In Dallas and Houston, the two largest cities in <\/span>Texas<\/span>, many of the judges began ordering most of their cases to mediation. Most cases were settling at mediation. Wh<\/span>il<\/span>e I know of no broad statistics on mediation results, the common figure used by mediators in <\/span>Texas<\/span> is an 80% settlement rate. This may be a bit high if applied to cases that settle on the day of the mediation. However, the settlement rate for cases that eventually settle, at least in part as a result of the mediation, would be at least that high.<\/span><\/p>\n

Today, the large majority of civ<\/span>il<\/span> cases in Houston and Dallas, fam<\/span>il<\/span>y and non-fam<\/span>il<\/span>y, are mediated prior to trial. The large majority of civ<\/span>il<\/span> judges in Houston and Dallas, fam<\/span>il<\/span>y and non-fam<\/span>il<\/span>y, require the parties to mediate prior to trial. Mediation is also used extensively in the other large cities in <\/span>Texas<\/span>, including <\/span>Austin<\/span>, the Capitol, <\/span>San Antonio<\/span> and <\/span>Corpus Christi<\/span>. After significant exposure to the mediation process and its benefits, many attorneys and their clients engage in mediation on a purely voluntary basis, without Court Order. In fact, I have mediated many pre-litigation matters over the years.<\/span><\/p>\n

II. The Mechanism for Ordering Compulsory Mediation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A. The Order of Referral to Mediation<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

I w<\/span>il<\/span>l use the <\/span>Houston<\/span> example to describe the procedure for instituting compulsory mediation. Some cities use sim<\/span>il<\/span>ar procedures, others do it differently.<\/span><\/p>\n

The ADR Act sets up no specific procedure for the courts to order mediation. It may be done in whatever manner each Court sees fit, so long as the terms of the Order for Mediation fit within the scope of the judge\u2019s power.[9]<\/a> However, some common practices have developed over time. Initially, when mediation was st<\/span>il<\/span>l in its infancy, the Courts would issue an Order of Referral to Mediation, (the \u201cOrder to Mediate\u201d) ordering the parties to mediate and specifying the mediator who was to conduct the mediation. After experience with mediation and mediators, the courts felt more comfortable allowing the parties, and the parties were better able, to choose their own mediator. Most judges now allow the parties to choose their own mediator by agreement and w<\/span>il<\/span>l order one only if the parties can\u2019t agree.<\/span><\/p>\n

These Orders, in substantially the same form as initially used,[10]<\/a>are st<\/span>il<\/span>l being used by many of the judges in <\/span>Houston<\/span>. In addition to the above provisions, the Orders set a timeframe for conducting the mediation. The Orders gives the mediator the power to ensure that the mediation is conducted timely [11]<\/a>, orders that all parties be present during the entire mediation process and that each corporate party be represented by a person with authority to negotiate a settlement. They also include confidentiality and priv<\/span>il<\/span>ege<\/span><\/p>\n

Provisions to protect the confidentially of the process and ensure that no mediation communications be admitted into evidence should a trial of the case be necessary.[12]<\/a> An order must be prepared and sent to all attorneys in any case in which the Court wishes to order mediation. An Order may be entered at the initiative of the Court or at the request of one or more parties to a case. Some Courts enter an Order in all, or substantially all, of the cases on its docket<\/span><\/p>\n

B. The Scheduling Order<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Mediation has become so institutionalized that, as previously discussed, most cases are mediated prior to going to trial. Rather than sending out an Order in every or almost every case a court wishes to have mediated, some courts have simplified the process by including an alternative dispute resolution (\u201cADR\u201d) deadline in their Scheduling Orders. These case management orders, which are sent out in every case, usually early in the proceedings, set deadlines for many activities in a case, such as discovery, and set a date for trial. The Order w<\/span>il<\/span>l usually provide that the parties must agree to mediate or object to mediation by the deadline or the Court may sign an Order to Mediate.[13]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

This procedure saves the Court the trouble of having to send out an additional Order for Mediation in every case it wants mediated. However, this approach has drawbacks. The Scheduling Order provides only a deadline for agreeing to or objecting to mediate. They do not have provisions giving the mediator the power to schedule and conduct the mediation in the event the parties are not cooperating in scheduling. They do not provide that all parties with authority to settle attend the mediation. They do not include the Rules for Mediation, which most judges incorporate into their Orders to Mediate. [14]<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Wh<\/span>il<\/span>e it is not wise to disregard the Court\u2019s deadline for conducting the mediation, be uncooperative in its scheduling or appear at a mediation without a person with adequate authority, it is frequently done. Not having the specific orders included in the standard Order to Mediate can interfere with a mediator\u2019s ab<\/span>il<\/span>ity to timely and<\/span><\/p>\n

successfully conduct a compulsory mediation ordered by the Court. To alleviate this problem, a party or the mediator may request the Court to issue an Order of Referral for Mediation, including the above mentioned provisions. The Court may also do so on its own initiative. This is not always done, however, and the mediator must merely live with the complications.<\/span><\/p>\n

C. Objections to Mediation<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

As previously discussed, a party may object to a mediation within 10 days from the date the mediation is ordered. Generally, there are no specific statutory grounds for objection to the mediation. Common reasons I have seen include a party\u2019s belief that the mediation has no likelihood of success, and, as such, would be a waste of time and money. Another is that a party can\u2019t afford the cost of the mediation. A third may be that the case is not ready to be mediated, perhaps because additional discovery is necessary. A party may plead whatever grounds for objection it sees fit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Some courts w<\/span>il<\/span>l almost never grant an objection to mediation. Others w<\/span>il<\/span>l grant any objection that is f<\/span>il<\/span>ed. Most of the judges w<\/span>il<\/span>l decide on a case by case basis, but generally, are reluctant to grant the objections. It is my belief that this is because the judges like the mediation process and feel it works. However, never granting an objection can be problematic. As I have discovered over many mediations, some cases are not meant for mediation and the process can be a waste of time and money. Forcing a case to mediation that shouldn\u2019t be there can sour parties and their attorneys to the process and make them reluctant to engage in mediation at some later date.<\/span><\/p>\n

In defense of the judges, it is often impossible to determine whether an objection should be granted prior to the mediation. For example, sometimes it is obvious that a case w<\/span>il<\/span>l not settle prior to the mediation. At other times it is not so obvious. I have been involved in many mediations where even I thought the case had no chance of settlement and with patience, hard work and perseverance the case settles. I would err on the side of requiring the parties to mediate.[15]<\/a> The relative cost of mediation is generally small in relation to the potential cost, time and stress savings of a successful mediation.<\/span><\/p>\n

III. Pro Bono Mediations<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If a party cannot afford mediation the Judge has options other than canceling the mediation. In <\/span>Houston<\/span>, a judge can send a case to the Harris County Dispute Resolution Center (DRC), which offers pro bono,<\/em> or free, court-annexed mediation for cases with no more than three parties to the lawsuit and with an amount in controversy of no more than $100,000 US. In <\/span>Dallas<\/span>, Dispute Mediation Services provides a sim<\/span>il<\/span>ar service.[16]<\/a> Other cities have sim<\/span>il<\/span>ar agencies, though many cities and towns do not.<\/span><\/p>\n

In this situation, or where the case does not meet the criteria for free mediation, the Judge can request that a specific mediator conduct the mediation at no cost to the parties. If the Judge asks you to mediate a case for free, you mediate it. The Judges are appreciative of the help and he or she may be a source of future mediations. Additionally, you may mediate with attorneys you don\u2019t know, who may also be a source of future business. Finally, some mediators who have been ordered to conduct a mediation would rather mediate the case for free, or at a reduced rate, rather than telling the Court they won\u2019t mediate the case because the parties can\u2019t pay. The Judge can, of course, grant the Objection to Mediation.<\/span><\/p>\n

IV. Pro SeParties<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A problem sometimes arises when a case has been ordered to mediation but one or more parties are pro se<\/em>, or not represented by an attorney. Generally, the judges prefer to have these cases mediated because they usually create many problems for a judge in the management and trial of the case. Mediators are generally reluctant to mediate these cases. Some pro se<\/em> parties have a history of f<\/span>il<\/span>ing lawsuits against anyone and everyone and the mediator doesn\u2019t want to be next. This risk is increased by the fact that underrepresented parties have <\/span>a tendency to look to the mediator for legal advice,<\/span><\/p>\n

Notwithstanding the fact that they have been clearly informed that the mediator is not acting as that party\u2019s attorney. If they are not satisfied with a mediation agreement they have signed they may claim that the mediator coerced them into the agreement or gave them bad legal advice. This could lead to a lawsuit. And even a lawsuit that is won is expensive. At other times, pro se<\/em> parties don\u2019t want to pay for the mediation. And mediators prefer to be paid.<\/span><\/p>\n

Notwithstanding these problems, I and other mediators conduct pro se<\/em> mediations. Again, you don\u2019t want to go back to the Judge who ordered you to mediate the case and tell him or her that you won\u2019t mediate a pro se<\/em> case. Particularly, one the Judge would prefer not to try. Additionally, an attorney representing one of the parties appreciates your efforts to settle a case, which causes problems for the attorney as well as the Judge. Perhaps this leads to future business. The mediation practice, in <\/span>Houston<\/span> and in most of <\/span>Texas<\/span>, is, after all, st<\/span>il<\/span>l a business as well as a profession.<\/span><\/p>\n

V. Delays<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A. In Conducting the Mediation<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

It is not uncommon to have difficulty in scheduling a mediation by the date ordered by the Court. This can be caused by obstinate parties or their attorneys, logistical problems in getting all of the appropriate people together at the same time or the case may not be ready to mediate because there is not yet sufficient information to fully evaluate the case. I have found that most judges aren\u2019t overly concerned about this so long as the mediation is conducted some specific number of days prior to a trial of the case, e.<\/em>g., seven days or thirty days. Some judges require the parties to f<\/span>il<\/span>e a motion requesting an extension of the time to conduct the mediation, to be ruled on by the Court. A letter to the Court explaining the situation is sufficient to satisfy other Courts. It is important to know, or learn, the preferences of each Judge.<\/span><\/p>\n

B. In Proceeding to Trial<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Generally, the mediation has no impact on the time that the case goes to trial. The Court determines when a case is to go to trial. A good mediator w<\/span>il<\/span>l insure that the case is mediated before it gets to trial. If it has not been mediated, the Judge could be dissatisfied with the mediator, which is bad.<\/span><\/p>\n

On occasion, a compulsory mediation w<\/span>il<\/span>l not have been held prior to the trial. Sometimes a judge w<\/span>il<\/span>l demand the parties go to mediation or w<\/span>il<\/span>l allow the parties to give mediation a try, if they wish.[17]<\/a> In either event, the case w<\/span>il<\/span>l be delayed. This, almost always, leads to increased cost. However, if the mediation is successful and an agreement is reached, the parties could save considerably over the cost of a trial.<\/span><\/p>\n

VI. Sanctions<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

If a party, or its attorney, does not follow the Court\u2019s Order to Mediate, the Judge may impose sanctions against the offending party and\/or its attorney. The most common violation is fa<\/span>il<\/span>ure to bring a person with adequate authority to the mediation. On occasion, a party or an attorney may not appear for the mediation. In one case, a party was sanctioned for attending, but not participating in the mediation because it did not f<\/span>il<\/span>e a motion objecting to the mediation.[18]<\/a> I\u2019m sure attorneys have found, and w<\/span>il<\/span>l find, other creative means of getting sanctioned for violation of the Court\u2019s Order to Mediate. Only time w<\/span>il<\/span>l tell.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wh<\/span>il<\/span>e the evidence I know of in <\/span>Texas<\/span> is anecdotal, sanctions for violations of the mediation order are not frequently imposed. When they are, the most common sanction is to require the offending party to pay the other party\u2019s mediation fee. At times, the Court may also require the payment of the other parties attorney\u2019s fees, if any, occasioned by the violation of the Order.<\/span><\/p>\n

Violation of a Court\u2019s order is considered Contempt of Court, which, in the extreme case, gives the Court the power to incarcerate the offender. Under its general sanctioning powers, a Court can, in the extreme case, either dismiss a Plaintiff\u2019s case or prevent the Defendant from putting on a defense. Such extreme sanctions are not favored and are not likely to be used for violation of an Order for Mediation. But they do exist if the conduct is sufficiently egregious. There are many lesser sanctions a Court can impose in the appropriate circumstances.<\/span><\/p>\n

VII. Conducting The Compulsory Mediation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

In reality, conducting the compulsory mediation is almost identical to conducting the voluntary mediation. The main difference is how the parties got there. The roles of the mediator, the attorneys and the clients are the same in both mediations. The mediator attempts to fac<\/span>il<\/span>itate the resolution of the dispute in his or her own style. The attorneys use the same strategy and approach to the mediation. And the clients participate as much or as little as the attorneys allow.<\/span><\/p>\n

Under the ADR Act, a person must have at least forty hours of training in mediation to be appointed as a mediator in the Court\u2019s Order for Mediation.[19]<\/a> The Court, however, may waive this requirement[20]<\/a> and generally lets the parties choose who they wish to use as the mediator. Thus, generally, though not always [21]<\/a>, the mediators in both types of mediation are chosen by the parties. They are, almost always, attorneys. The attorneys representing a party in mediation feel more comfortable having an attorney-mediator because usually, the mediation involves a lawsuit or potential lawsuit.<\/span><\/p>\n

There is no difference in the drafting or enforcement of a mediation agreement or the Court\u2019s involvement in the enforcement process.[22]<\/a> Wh<\/span>il<\/span>e some <\/span>protections to the process may be added by an Order for Mediation, the ADR Act provides strong protections for confidentiality and priv<\/span>il<\/span>ege in all mediations, ordered or otherwise.[23]<\/a> Additionally, many mediators provide Rules for Mediation sim<\/span>il<\/span>ar or identical to those on the Order to Mediate.[24]<\/a> These Rules are often contractually agreed to by the parties prior to the mediation. Thus providing the same protections to the mediation process as the Court\u2019s Order.<\/span><\/p>\n

VIII. Advantages Of Compulsory Mediation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

I am a strong proponent of the mediation process. Anything that can get all of the parties necessary to the settlement of a case in the same place, at the same time, concentrating on the case with, at least most of time, an eye toward settlement can only be positive. Settlement at mediation can save time, cost, stress of a trial and avoids the risk of loss. It can salvage business and personal relationships that would otherwise have been lost. In my opinion, these potential benefits outweigh the extra cost and time spent if the mediation is unsuccessful. In <\/span>Texas<\/span> and particularly <\/span>Houston<\/span>, the large majority of cases settle at mediation. Many cases settle without mediation. However, mediation often leads to greater cost and time savings over other settlements which often settle at the courthouse steps, after all of the time and money has been spent on the case.<\/span><\/p>\n

The main advantage to compulsory mediation is that it gets more people to the mediation table than voluntary mediation. Some attorneys won\u2019t try mediation because it is a new, unfam<\/span>il<\/span>iar process, which costs money. Many attorneys who initially felt that way in <\/span>Texas<\/span> are now strong supporters. I have seen it with my own eyes. These attorneys may never have tried mediation unless forced to do so by the Court. Many of them now mediate their cases on a voluntary basis. Other attorneys are w<\/span>il<\/span>ling to mediate but, frankly, wouldn\u2019t get around to it without an order and a deadline from the Court.<\/span><\/p>\n

Others want to mediate but don\u2019t want to suggest it for fear that their opponent may view it as a sign of weakness. Compulsory mediation creates a safe environment where neither party has to suggest it and both start on a level playing field. Some attorneys feel it would be in the best interest of their client to have a case mediated but have reluctant and obstinate clients. These attorneys don\u2019t wish to appear weak to their clients by suggesting mediation. The compulsory mediation puts the responsib<\/span>il<\/span>ity for the mediation on the Judge and gets their clients to the table, often ending in a result more favorable than a trial would likely have been.<\/span><\/p>\n

Many attorneys don\u2019t want to go to mediation because they believe the case w<\/span>il<\/span>l never settle and that it w<\/span>il<\/span>l be a complete waste of resources, better saved for trial. Many, if not most of these cases settle. But for compulsory mediation, these cases would be tried with the added expense and uncertainty of trial. Many times their clients lose at trial. Even in cases that don\u2019t settle, the mediation can narrow the issues, which can cut down the cost and time of trial, potentially benefiting both sides.<\/span><\/p>\n

IX. Disadvantages of Compulsory Mediation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

I don\u2019t see many disadvantages to compulsory mediation. However, some cases should not be mediated. They w<\/span>il<\/span>l never settle for their own particular reasons. If a Judge is unw<\/span>il<\/span>ling to grant a reasonable objection, the parties w<\/span>il<\/span>l have to spend the time and money on a fut<\/span>il<\/span>e endeavor. This could be a hardship on a client, particularly one with limited resources. Again, it is sometimes impossible for the Judge to know which cases w<\/span>il<\/span>l and won\u2019t settle. However, I believe it can be pretty clear in some cases. Some judges, however, seem unw<\/span>il<\/span>ling to grant any objections, which I think can be a detriment to and a disadvantage of the compulsory mediation process.<\/span><\/p>\n

Some might argue that a party should have freedom to conduct its case as it sees fit and not be required to spend money on a mediation it does not want. I would argue, however, that it is acceptable to have reasonable restrictions and requirements on litigants ava<\/span>il<\/span>ing themselves of the public dispute resolution system.<\/span><\/p>\n

X. Has Compulsory Mediation Been a Success?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Judging by the significant expansion of the use of mediation in <\/span>Texas<\/span> over a relatively short period of time, I would have to say compulsory mediation has been a resounding success. It has, more or less, been institutionalized in Houston, <\/span>Dallas<\/span> and other areas. It is obvious that most of the judges approve of mediation by their continued insistence on the use of mediation in their courts.<\/span><\/p>\n

Most of the attorneys I deal with on a da<\/span>il<\/span>y basis express their belief in the process. I now conduct numerous mediations without Court order. It is regularly ut<\/span>il<\/span>ized in small, medium and large, simple and complex cases. It is my belief that it has become so accepted as a useful tool in dispute resolution that it would continue to be used even if it were no longer required by the Court. It has become another means of dispute resolution rather than an alternative means.<\/span><\/p>\n

Additionally, it is the general perception that most clients are satisfied with the mediation process. It provides them with their \u201cday in court\u201d, without the added stress, risk and cost of trial. It allows them to actively participate in the decision making process. It takes the decision out of the hands of strangers, i.e., the Judge and\/or jury. It usually puts the case to rest earlier than a trial, allowing the client to move on with their lives.<\/span><\/p>\n

Some judges, attorneys and clients are not satisfied with mediation. Not all cases settle and not all clients and attorneys are satisfied with their settlement even though it was agreed to voluntar<\/span>il<\/span>y. However, on the whole the level of satisfaction with mediation remains high.<\/span><\/p>\n

XI. Expansion of Conventional Mediation Through Compulsory Mediation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

I first became aware of mediation in 1988. I learned that some mediation was taking place but to a very limited extent. In 1989 and 1990, I watched as the Courts in <\/span>Houston<\/span> and <\/span>Dallas<\/span> became interested in the mediation process. In succeeding years I watched, and participated in, the rapid growth of mediation in the civ<\/span>il<\/span>, Non-fam<\/span>il<\/span>y State Courts in <\/span>Houston<\/span>. I experienced the increase in purely voluntary mediation. I saw the <\/span>Fam<\/span>il<\/span>y Law Court<\/span> jump on the bandwagon, going from not mediation practice to almost universal use of mediation in a very short period of time. I watched as mediation laws in few States turned into mediation laws in all 50 States of the <\/span>US<\/span>. I witnessed the Federal government and many State governments pass mediation laws for use in their government agencies. I saw the expansion of mediation in the US Federal Courts. I looked on as Shell O<\/span>il<\/span> in Houston and Brown and Root, a large engineering company, as well as other companies, developed internal mediation programs for use by their employees. I watched the US Postal service, the largest employer in the <\/span>US<\/span>, expand its internal mediation program for use in certain employee-management disputes. I saw mediation laws passed in <\/span>Argentina<\/span>, <\/span>Australia<\/span>, <\/span>Singapore<\/span>, <\/span>England<\/span> and many other countries. I see new interest in <\/span>France<\/span> and elsewhere. The list goes on and on.<\/span><\/p>\n

From where I stand, I saw this expansion when attorneys, many of whom make the laws of the land and are in positions of power and influence, were introduced to a process they would not have otherwise used but for an order of the Court. When they and their clients saw the benefits of mediation firsthand. When these positive results were seen as and example by others around the <\/span>US<\/span> and the world.<\/span><\/p>\n

I\u2019m not a mediation historian. I\u2019m a practitioner. I don\u2019t know if the trend started in <\/span>Florida<\/span> or <\/span>California<\/span> or <\/span>Texas<\/span> or <\/span>Canada<\/span> or <\/span>China<\/span>. It just seems like too much of a coincidence that most, if not all, of this rapid expansion began so soon after the significant use of compulsory mediation. After, parties were forced, more or less, to learn the benefits of the mediation process. Perhaps I\u2019m biased but I believe compulsory mediation played a big role in the expansion of mediation and conventional mediation.<\/span><\/p>\n

XII. Alternatives to the <\/span><\/span><\/strong>Texas<\/span><\/span><\/strong> Approach to Compulsory Mediation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The main disadvantage I see to compulsory mediation in <\/span>Texas<\/span> is the inconsistent manner in which it is practiced. The decision to order mediation rests solely with the Judge. This means that in some areas of <\/span>Texas<\/span> mediation is practiced and in others it is not. In some courts in <\/span>Houston<\/span> it is practiced and in others it is not. Fortunately, enough judges have bought in to the mediation process to make it the success it is today. Had they not done so, which was completely within their discretion, the ADR Act would lay dormant and the benefits of mediation may never have been fully realized.<\/span><\/p>\n

This approach to compulsory mediation may not be effective everywhere. In another State or Country where the Judges are not w<\/span>il<\/span>ling to try a new process, or where they perceive it is not in their best interest to do so, mediation would likely play no significant part in dispute resolution.<\/span><\/p>\n

In such places, it may be necessary to convince the legislative body to create a stricter regimen of compulsory mediation with little or not discretion on the part of Judges to infer with the mandate to mediate. This w<\/span>il<\/span>l create some hardship in those cases where mediation is not appropriate. However, I believe this hardship would be outweighed by exposing the benefits of mediation to an otherwise skeptical Bar and public, allowing the process to take foothold that would encourage its continued use and benefit.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the event of an unw<\/span>il<\/span>ling Legislature and Judiciary, it would likely take some type of public movement for mediation to become a viable means of dispute resolution. If attorneys and\/or businessmen believe mediation to be an effective alternative to an inefficient legal system, they may, with concerted effort, have enough clout to establish the practice of mediation in their country. This may then lead to acceptance and use of mediation throughout other elements of society. Wh<\/span>il<\/span>e I believe this approach has a lesser likelihood of success than a policy of compulsory mediation, it is a worthwh<\/span>il<\/span>e endeavor, particularly if it is the only alternative.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

I come from the point of view, based upon my experience, that the benefits of mediation are so numerous that the process sells itself. In other words, to know mediation is to love mediation, However, if you can\u2019t get to know it, you won\u2019t learn to love it. That is where compulsory mediation comes in. It forces and otherwise skeptical group, who might never have tried mediation voluntar<\/span>il<\/span>y, to know mediation, and thus to love mediation.<\/span><\/p>\n

It happened in Houston, and Dallas and other States in the <\/span>US<\/span>. It is likely happening in other parts of the world, as we speak. It may not be appropriate of successful in every country. Perhaps the balance of power is so much in favor of some that they don\u2019t wish to level the playing field. Perhaps it is not appropriate due to the characteristics of a particular culture.<\/span><\/p>\n

However, in societies where the real interest in the legal system is to fairly, reasonably and efficiently resolve disputes, mediation w<\/span>il<\/span>l likely be a useful tool in accomplishing that goal. If compulsory mediation can lead to faster acceptance and use of the process, it can be a significant aid to that society, and its use should be seriously considered.
<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

[1]The author is a full-time attorney-mediator in <\/span>Houston<\/span>, <\/span>Texas<\/span>, <\/span>USA<\/span>. He has conducted over 2000 mediations of almost every conceivable variety. He has also been trained as an arbitrator and conducted a number arbitrations. He has been a licensed attorney for over 17 years, practicing in the field of commercial litigation prior to his full-time mediation practice. He has served as President of the Houston Chapter of the Association of Attorney Mediators, the Chair of the Houston Bar Association\/Alternative Dispute Section, and as a Board Member of the <\/span>Harris<\/span> <\/span>County<\/span> <\/span>Dispute<\/span> <\/span>Resolution<\/span> <\/span>Center<\/span>, among other activities and presentations in the mediation community.<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/span><\/a>Mediation After Wolff: Can the American Experience Assist? <\/span>London<\/span>, <\/span>England<\/span>, <\/span>July 21, 2000<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

[3]<\/span><\/a>Tex.<\/span> Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Section 154.001, et seq. (the \u201cADR Act\u201d). A copy of the ADR Act is attached hereto as Appendix A.<\/span><\/p>\n

[4]<\/span><\/a> See ADR Act Sections 154.021 through 154.027. These other procedures include Arbitration (binding only on the parties\u2019 agreement), Moderated Settlement Conference, Mini-Trial and Summary Jury Trial, as described in the attached statute. These other procedures are rarely used.<\/span><\/p>\n

[5]<\/span><\/a> Though some limited types of cases are not subject to compulsory mediation. See, e.g., Texas Govt. Code Section 30.0244 T.2, Subt G, App-1, 3.08<\/span><\/p>\n

[6]<\/span><\/a> Text of objection provision<\/span><\/p>\n

[7]<\/span><\/a> See ADR Act Section 154.022<\/span><\/p>\n

[8]<\/span><\/a> Subject to the objection procedure in Section 154.022 of the ADR Act.<\/span><\/p>\n

[9]<\/span><\/a> In the case of Decker v. Lindsay, 824 S. W. 2d 247 (Tex. Civ. App.-Houston, 1st<\/sup> Dist., 1992, no writ), the court held that a provision in an Order of Referral for Mediation requiring the parties to negotiate in good faith was unenforceable. Wh<\/span>il<\/span>e a party could be required to attend the mediation, it could not be required to negotiate in any particular manner at all. For example, if a party felt that its opponent\u2019s case had no value, it should not be a violation of a court\u2019s order to negotiate in good faith to make no offer at the mediation. The parties are entitled to value their cases as they see fit. In practice, this ruling has not affected the use or effectiveness of mediation in any measurable way.<\/span><\/p>\n

[10]<\/span><\/a>Absent the provision ordering the parties to negotiate in good faith.<\/span><\/p>\n

[11]<\/span><\/a> The orders generally state that, absent agreement by the parties, the mediator shall set the date for the mediation and order the parties to attend.<\/span><\/p>\n

[12]<\/span><\/a> Appendix B is an example of an Order of Referral for Mediation commonly used in <\/span>Houston<\/span> today.<\/span><\/p>\n

[13]<\/span><\/a> A copy of a standard Scheduling Order is attached hereto as Appendix C.<\/span><\/p>\n

[14]<\/span><\/a> These Rules provide added protection to the confidentiality and priv<\/span>il<\/span>ege provisions of the mediation process as well as the sanctity of the mediation. One Rule, for example, provides that no one attending a <\/span>mediation may be served with any type of process at or near the mediation. A copy of the Rules for Mediation commonly used by the courts is included as Appendix D.<\/span><\/p>\n

[15]<\/span><\/a> Of course I would say that. I\u2019m a mediator.<\/span><\/p>\n

[16]<\/span><\/a>These agencies are usually publicly funded, with the mediation conducted by volunteer mediators. In court \u2013annexed mediations, most of the mediators are attorneys.<\/span><\/p>\n

[17]<\/span><\/a> Even though a case has been ordered to mediation, some judges won\u2019t require the mediation if it has not been conducted prior to trial. Some may penalize the parties by putting the case at the end of the docket, seriously delaying the trial.<\/span><\/p>\n

[18]<\/span><\/a> Texas Department of Transportation v. Pirtle, 977 S. W. 2d 657 (Tex.Civ.App-Ft. Worth, 1998) This court apparently believed that, wh<\/span>il<\/span>e a party could not be required to negotiate in good faith, lit had the obligation to object to the mediation if its intent, from the outset, was not to participate in the mediation.<\/span><\/p>\n

[19]<\/span><\/a> ADR Act Section 153.052<\/span><\/p>\n

[20]<\/span><\/a> <\/span>Id.<\/span><\/p>\n

[21]<\/span><\/a> Some judges st<\/span>il<\/span>l prefer to use certain mediators but most judges allow the parties to choose.<\/span><\/p>\n

[22]<\/span><\/a> ADR Act Section 154.071 states that a mediation agreement is as enforceable as any other contract. As such, breach of a mediation agreement must be enforced by the same means as any other contract. This could require a new lawsuit or additional pleadings claiming breach of contract in the existing lawsuit. A contract, however, would often be easier to prove and enforce than the vague and uncertain claims made in many lawsuits. Additionally, a Judge may be more w<\/span>il<\/span>ling to grant a Summary Judgment, or summary relief without right of trial, to breach of contract claim over more vague and uncertain claims.<\/span><\/p>\n

[23]<\/span><\/a> ADR Act Sections 154.053 and 154.073<\/span><\/p>\n

[24]<\/span><\/a> See Appendix D.<\/span><\/p>\n


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2007 Compulsory mediation?<\/span><\/h3>\n

Title
\n\u2018Twisting arms: court referred and court linked mediation under judicial pressure.\u2019
\n\u00a0
\nWhat is it about?
\nThe Automatic Referral to Mediation (ARM) p<\/span>il<\/span>ot scheme was set up to run for a year at Central London County Court, from Apr<\/span>il<\/span> 2004 to March 2005. The intention was to randomly select 100 cases each month to be referred to mediation. If one or both of the parties objected, they had to justify their reluctance to a judge. The judge would have the power to override their objections if she felt the case was suitable for mediation. A research project was set up to explore what happened when people were, in effect, compelled to mediate. Would it save them time and money? Would it save judicial and administrative time for the court? How would the parties and their lawyers react to being forced to mediate? You could lead a horse to water, but could you actually make it drink?
\n\u00a0
\nA few weeks after the p<\/span>il<\/span>ot began, in May 2004, the Halsey judgment was made public. Lord Justice Dyson said, "It seems to us that to oblige truly unw<\/em><\/span>il<\/span><\/em>ling parties to refer their disputes to mediation would be to impose an unacceptable obstruction on their right of access to the court."<\/span><\/em>
\n\u00a0
\nThis clearly had an effect on the p<\/span>il<\/span>ot ARM project, as the court could no longer insist that parties tried mediation if they objected. Unw<\/span>il<\/span>ling parties had to be allowed to opt out.
\n\u00a0
\nWho did it?
\nThe research was conducted by Professor Dame Hazel Genn (Faculty of Laws, University College London) and a number of academic colleagues: Professor Paul Fenn (University of Nottingham Business School), Marc Mason, Andrew Lane, Nadia Bechai, Lauren Gray (all at UCL) and Dr Dev Vencappa (Nottingham).
\nThe research was commissioned by the Department for Constitutional Affairs (DCA) which has since become the Ministry of Justice.
\n\u00a0
\nKey findings <\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • In around 80% of cases, one or both parties objected to being referred to mediation <\/span><\/li>\n
  • When parties were called on to explain their objections to a judge, judicial pressure was unlikely to persuade them to mediate <\/span><\/li>\n
  • Only 14% of the cases initially referred to the scheme actually ended up in mediation <\/span><\/li>\n
  • The settlement rate followed a broadly downward trend over the year, from 69% to 38% <\/span><\/li>\n
  • The majority of cases in the ARM scheme settled out of court anyway, without going to mediation <\/span><\/li>\n
  • In cases where mediation took place, but which did not settle at mediation, parties found that they added \u00a31,000 – \u00a32,000 to their costs <\/span><\/li>\n
  • Parties who settled during mediation were generally positive about the process <\/span><\/li>\n
  • Parties who fa<\/span>il<\/span>ed to settle during mediation complained about compulsion, pressure, and the risk of revealing their hand to their opponents. They also criticised the hot and cramped mediation rooms at the court <\/span><\/li>\n
  • Judicial time spent on mediated cases was lower, but administrative time was higher<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Higher value cases, and cases not involving personal injury, were less likely to object to the referral to mediation. There were no obvious factors in predicting whether or not a case would settle.
    \n\u00a0
    \nIt is also worth noting that following the Dunnett v Ra<\/span>il<\/span>track case in 2002, when cost penalties were first imposed on a successful party who refused to mediate, demand for the voluntary mediation scheme at Central London County Court rose significantly. However the settlement rate declined from a high of 62% in 1998, to less than 40% in 2003.
    \n\u00a0
    \nComment
    \nPeople just don\u2019t seem to want to mediate. Over and over again, in different contexts, research seems to show that people are not as enthusiastic about going to mediation as the judges and the government think they ought to be.
    \n\u00a0
    \nThe full research report is deta<\/span>il<\/span>ed and fascinating, and w<\/span>il<\/span>l repay close study. But there are some questions which can be asked about the issues which emerge in this brief summary.
    \n\u00a0
    \nWhat added value does mediation bring to b<\/em><\/span>il<\/span><\/em>ateral settlement negotiations?<\/span><\/em>
    \nWhen the benefits of mediation are set out, it is usually promoted as a much better alternative to a hearing \u2013 quicker, cheaper, less adversarial, giving the parties more control over the outcome to their dispute. It is clear from this and other research that most cases are settled before they reach the hearing stage, usually through negotiations between the parties or their solicitors. So the question we should be asking is, what added value does mediation bring to b<\/span>il<\/span>ateral settlement negotiations?
    \n\u00a0
    \nWhy don\u2019t people want to mediate?<\/em>
    \nFor the last ten years, since Lord Woolf\u2019s Access to Justice report, it has been government and judicial policy to promote the use of mediation in both fam<\/span>il<\/span>y and civ<\/span>il<\/span> disputes. This research, along with the recent National Audit Office report into fam<\/span>il<\/span>y mediation (see 2007 Fam<\/span>il<\/span>y mediation and legal aid), indicates that people are st<\/span>il<\/span>l reluctant to use mediation. Why? <\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Is it st<\/span>il<\/span>l lack of information, or unfam<\/span>il<\/span>iarity with the process? <\/span><\/li>\n
    • Are lawyers reluctant gatekeepers who don\u2019t want to lose their profitable clients? <\/span><\/li>\n
    • Is there something about the normal judicial process that is inherently more attractive to most parties?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Why is compulsion st<\/span><\/em>il<\/span><\/em>l on the agenda?<\/span><\/em>
      \nAt the launch of Hazel Genn\u2019s research, Judge Paul Collins, the senior judge at CLCC, argued that the courts should promote compulsory mediation as an automatic stage in the court process. Robert Nicholas, head of the Proportionate Dispute Resolution team at the Ministry of Justice, also seemed baffled by court users\u2019 reluctance to choose mediation, an option that he believed was so patently for their benefit. He too was keen on some form of compulsion.
      \n\u00a0
      \nThe Court Mediation Service Toolkit, published in May 2007 by the Courts Service and the Civ<\/span>il<\/span> Justice Counc<\/span>il<\/span>, states that \u2018research shows that mediation works best when there is some form of judicial encouragement, and that such encouragement can be quite robust.\u2019<\/em> This statement is not borne out by Hazel Genn\u2019s research, which indicated that robust judicial encouragement did not increase the take-up of mediation; it also suggested that increased pressure to mediate resulted in a decreased settlement rate.
      \n\u00a0
      \nWhy are judges and government so convinced that mediation is best for most court users, despite the reluctance which is evident in this research? <\/span><\/p>\n

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